Oli Health Magazine Organization - International Scientific Research Academy

AWARENESS OF CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19)

In early December 2019, there was an extreme increase in cases of severe pneumonia without known causes in Wuhan city in china [1]. On 31 December 2019, China notified World Health Organization (WHO) for this mysterious pneumonia [2]. Few days later, a new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was identified from patients with this pneumonia [3]. On 11 February 2020, WHO announced the official names for disease and its responsible pathogen as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) respectively [4]. SARS-CoV-2 has zoonotic source (in bat population) [5] [6]. This pandemic has spread globally [5] , and the first Rwandan case of COVID-19 was confirmed on 14 March 2020 [7]. Its awareness is of paramount need to prevent its spread and to overcome its effects on health.

Brief description of outbreak

COVID-19 is a respiratory disease caused by a coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 [4]. Coronavirus is a genus in coronaviridae family and occur in various distinct forms [8]. Viruses of this family were only known to be responsible for common cold, not for human severe diseases. However, in 2003, coronavirus got a new rank as “emerging pathogen” while a new coronavirus was condemned to cause severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) [9].

Anyone can be infected by COVID-19, but older people (age≥65), smokers and those with underlying medical conditions are at high risks of developing severe disease [10]. After a potential exposure, it requires 5-6 days for the symptoms to appear, but they may delay up to 14days [11]. About 41.6% of people attacked by COVID-19 present fever, dry cough, shortness of breath, vomiting/diarrhea and loss of taste/smell while the rest portion remain asymptomatic [12] [13] .

One case of COVID-19 can leads to the generation of 2-2.5 secondary infections [14]. Droplets are transmission routes for many respiratory diseases including COVID-19. It is directly transmitted though droplets during face-to-face contact with patients suffering from COVID-19 because this may potentially expose his/her mucous membrane of mouth, eyes and nose to infective droplets. Additionally, direct transmission is possible when people meets with surfaces touched by patient, his/her fomites or other objects used by/on patient [15].

Moreover, even if no airborne transmission reported in Wuhan, it can happen especially during medical intervention that generates aerosols [11] [15].

The standard for diagnosing COVID-19 is the detection of SARS-CoV-2 by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). For people suffering from COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 is found in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid, sputum, nasal swabs and pharyngeal swabs [16]. Hematological findings and chest computer tomographic imaging results are not specific enough to diagnose COVID-19 [16].

WHO recommends that patient with suspected or confirmed mild COVID-19 receive symptomatic treatments, those with moderate COVID-19 receive pneumonia treatments and no need for antibiotics whenever there is no suspicion of bacterial infections. Furthermore, those patients with severe COVID-19 require emergency intervention and receive severe pneumonia treatments [17].

Impacts of COVID-19 on health

This pandemic has affected health in general (physical, social and mental).

In our days due to COVID-19, people are advised to be safe and to stay home. Moreover, some countries are in lockdown. In this line, many activities that may lead to physical active and fitness like walking, going to the gym are restricted [18]. The study carried on 123 obese patients at the UT southwestern weight wellness Program and a community bariatric surgery practice revealed that about 70% and 48% had difficulty in achieving weight loss goal and less time for exercise respectively [19].

COVID-19 kills many people [20]and due to lockdown and social distancing, 9 out of 10 organizations has closed their doors or limited their operations [21]. Many have lost their jobs and the estimate shows that 42% may result in permanent job loss [21] [22].

Most of people including health care workers experience insomnia, fear or anxiety of being infected or transmitting infections to their loved ones. Because of quarantine, many activities that involve human relationship were restricted. Consequently, this has increased anger, confusion stigma and boredom among people [23] [24]. Moreover, some psychiatric emergencies are potentially to occur because some medical appointment for psychiatric patients were suspended [23].

What should we do?
Entire world is urged to minimize the risk of exposure to coronavirus through practicing the measures set because it is currently the only effective alternative to pursue [25].

At home, people are also encouraged to take care because the secondary transmission of COVID-19 through household contact is 16.3% [26]. Therefore, family members have to wash their hands frequently and effectively, clean most frequently touched surfaces, avoid touching
the facial parts, self-isolation in case one has been in contact with a confirmed/suspected case and to early seek medical help [27].

Outside of homes, it is encouraged to avoid touching nose, mouth and eyes because these facial touches may cause autoinoculation of germs [28] [29].

In addition to that, appropriate wearing facial masks and social distancing are crucial in minimizing the risks of infection [30] [31].
The estimates from china show that if practicing social distancing alongside with other non pharmaceutical interventions had been initiated three weeks earlier, all cases of COVID-19 could have been reduced by 95% [32].

Coping strategies

“Helping others to cope with their stress make the community stronger” [33]. In order to cope with COVID-19 distress, some groups of people (like children, older people, those with disabilities...) needs special support. Children need opportunity to play and relax and a good environment to express the feelings [34], while the older people need support as well as accessing the accurate information about the situation and preventive measures. Moreover, their medical and daily livings needs have to be met [34]. Furthermore, people with disabilities needs access to care and information related to prevention of this pandemic [34].

Conclusion

Familiarizing the comprehensive package of prevention and control measures aimed to limit the spread of COVID-19, requires self-motivation, it has to be kindly considered due neither to uniformity nor lows of governments and related penalties.

SUMMARY

The first case of COVID-19 was found among patients who were suffering from pneumonia in Wuhan. It is a preventable and infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. Researches show that its reproduction number ranges between 2 and 2.5. Currently, it has spread globally. Not all cases of COVID-19 present symptoms but only 41.6% presents fever, coughing and breathing difficult. Generally, it has greatly affected the people’s health. For instance, many people have lost their lives and due to self-isolation and quarantine, many people have lost their jobs. In addition to those, loneliness, depression, anxiety and substance abuse have been increased. However, all people are advised to consider the package of comprehensive control and preventive measures to stop the spread of this disease. That package comprises frequent handwashing, social distancing, appropriate wearing of masks, clean most frequently touched surfaces, avoid touching the facial parts and self-isolation in case of suspicion of exposure. Furthermore, coping with this pandemic is of paramount need in order to strengthen our community.

References

[1] World Health Organization, "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report – 94," WHO, 2020.

[2] World Health Organization, "Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) SITUATION REPORT - 1," WHO, 2020.

[3] Peng Zhou P, Xing-Lou Yang, Xian-Guang Wang et al., "A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin," Nature, vol. 579, pp. 270-273, 2020.

[4] World Health Organisation, "Naming the coronavirus disease(COVID-19) and the virus that causes it," 2020. [Online]. Available:

https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical guidance/naming-the-coronavirus-disease-(covid-2019)-and-the-virus-that-causes it%EF%BB%BF. [Accessed 07 September 2020].

[5] World Health Organisation, "Pneumonia of unknown cause-China," WHO, 5 January 2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.who.int/csr/don/05-january-2020-pneumonia-of unkown-cause-china/en/ . [Accessed 5 September 2020].

[6] Seth Flaxman, Swapnil Mishra, Axel Gandy, H. Juliette T. Unwin, Thomas A. Mellan,Helen Coupland, Charles Whittaker, Harrison Zhu, Tresnia Berah, Jeffrey W. Eaton, "Estimating the effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 in Europe," Nature , vol. 584, pp. 257-261, 2020.

[7] UNICEF_Rwanda , "Rwanda COVID-19 situation," Report No. 3, p. 2, 18 May -15 June 2020.

[8] Stanley Perlman and Jason Netland, "Coronaviruses post-SARS: update on replication and pathogenesis," Nature Reviews Microbiology, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 439-440, 2009.

[9] Susan R. Weiss and Sonia Navas-Martin, "Coronavirus Pathogenesis and the Emerging Pathogen Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus," MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REVIEWS, vol. 69, no. 4, p. 635–636, 2005.

[10] World Health Organisation, "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) situation report-51," WHO, 2020.

[11] World Health Organization, "Transmission of COVID-19: implications for infection prevention precautions," WHO, 9 July 2020. [Online]. Available:

https://www.who.int/news-room/commentaries/detail/transmission-of-sars-cov-2- implications-for-infection-prevention

precautions#:~:text=The%20incubation%20period%20of%20COVID,to%20a%20confir med%20case.. [Accessed 7 September 2020].

[12] Center for Disease Control and prevention, , "Symptoms of Coronavirus (COVID-19)," CDC, 2020.

[13] Hiroshi Nishiura, Tetsuro Kobayashi, Takeshi Miyama, Ayako Suzuki, Sung-mok Jung, Katsuma Hayashi, Ryo Kinoshita, Yichi Yang, Baoyin Yuan, et al., "Estimation of the asymptomatic ratio of novel coronavirus infections (COVID-19)," International Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol. 94, p. 154–155, 2020.

[14] World Health Organisation, "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report – 46," WHO , 2020.

[15] World Health Organization , "Modes of transmission of virus causing COVID-19: implications for IPC precaution recommendations," WHO, 2020.

[16] W. Joost Wiersinga; Andrew Rhodes; Allen C. Cheng et al., "Pathophysiology, Transmission, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)," Journal of American Medical Association, vol. 324, no. 8, pp. 787-788, 2020.

[17] World Health Organization, Clinical management of COVID-19 - Interim guidance, WHO, 2020.

[18] Wanda Van Niekerk, Kim Jackson and Laura Ritchie, "Physical activity and COVID-19," Physiopedia, 2020. [Online]. Available: http://www.phyio

pedia.com/Physical_activity_and_COVID-19. [Accessed 8 September 2020].

[19] Henderson E., "COVID-19 pandemic impacts on mental physical health of people with obesity," News Medical life sciences , 10 June 2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.news-medical.net/amp/news/20200610/COVID-19- pandemic-impacts-mental-physical-health-of-people-with-obesity.aspx. [Accessed 8 September 2020].

[20] Ritchie h., Ortiz-Ospina E., Beltekian D. et al., "Coronavirus(COVID-19) Deaths," Our World in Data, 7 September 2020. [Online]. Available: http://ourworldindata.org/covid deaths. [Accessed 7 September 2020].

[21] Philatrophy University , "COVID-19's Effects on social impact: Perspectives from the Ground," Delaware, 2020.

[22] International Labor Organization , "Impact of the COVID-19 crisis on loss of jobs and hours among domestic workers," Geneva, 2020.

[23] Santos CF., "Reflections about the impact of the SARS-COV-2/COVID-19 pandemic on mental health," Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry., vol. 00, pp. 000-000, 2020.

[24] Shah K, Kamrai D, Mekala H, et al., "Focus on Mental Health During the Coronavirus COVID-19) Pandemic: Applying Learnings from the Past Outbreaks.," Cureus, vol. 12, no. 3, p. e7405, 2020.

[25] Center for Disease Control and prevention, "COVID-19," 31 July 2020. [Online]. Available: https//ww.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting

sick/prevention.html. [Accessed 31 August 2020].

[26] Wei Li, Bo Zhang, Jianhua Lu et al., "Characteristics of Household Transmission of COVID-19," Clinical Infectious Diseases, pp. 1-4, 2020.

[27] CDC, "Protect yourself," 31 July 2020. [Online]. Available:

https//ww.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/prevention.html. [Accessed 31 August 2020].

[28] Yen Lee Angela Kwok, Jan Gralton, Mary-Louise McLaws, "Face touching: A frequent habit that has implications," American Journal of Infection Control, vol. 43, pp. 112-114, 2015.

[29] Timesofindia, "You touch your face 23 times an hour," TOI, 28 March 2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.google.com/amp/s/m.timesofindia.com/india/you-touch-your face-23-times-an-hour/amp_articleshow/74859480.cms. [Accessed 03 September 2020].

[30] European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, "Using face masks in the community," ECDC, Stockholm, 2020.

[31] F. Aslam, "COVID-19 and Importance of Social Distancing," Preprints, vol. 1, 2020.

[32] European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, "Considerations relating to social distancing measures in response to COVID-19 – second update," ECDC, Stockholm, 2020.

[33] Salari, N., Hosseinian-Far, A., Jalali, R. et al., "COVID 19 and its mental health consequences," Journal of Mental Health, vol. 16, no. 57, 2020.

[34] Inter-Agency Standing Committee, "Interim Briefing Note," ADDRESSING MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS OF COVID-19 OUTBREAK, pp. 8-12, February 2020.

Writer : Anaclet NZAGWANEZA from University of Rwanda

126 Comments

Ndizihiwe Eric

12 September 2020 15:42

Nice article as well as it is really purified .keep your hardworking brother.

Iradukunda

12 September 2020 16:11

Good work! Thank you upon tackling the issue of mental health as an impact of Covid-19.

Gerard

12 September 2020 16:14

Thank you so much for your work.

NSHUNGUYINKA Jean Baptiste

12 September 2020 16:36

Thanks together we fight against this spread of corona virus

Augustin

12 September 2020 16:38

The package you said, need to be understood by community and people know its purpose not only forced by local government, we need to enhance education for the people by the explaining the preventing measure like what this article is explaining. Really you did a great job, I learnt more and I am going to share

INGENERE

12 September 2020 16:49

Good work brother!!!

Anaclet NZAGWANEZA

12 September 2020 16:53

Thanks you all for your good comments. Together we can do we it

Godefroid

12 September 2020 16:54

well done brother keep it up

Aimable

12 September 2020 16:55

Great job 👍👍👍, hard working brother, keep fighting against covid 19

Senga Iradukunda

12 September 2020 16:57

I really appreciate your idea @nzagwanaclet I like it Very good article 👍

Protogene

12 September 2020 16:59

Pretty good work

Honoré

12 September 2020 17:03

Thank you very much brother

Fiston

12 September 2020 17:32

Well done bro

IRIBAGIZA

12 September 2020 17:33

So educative 👌

Josiane

12 September 2020 18:00

Thanks for letting us learn from you, We are looking forward to reading other many more helpful articles of yours. Keep it up!!!

Liliane

12 September 2020 18:42

Keep it up brother , for really it teaches much to our society.

SHYAKA P

12 September 2020 18:49

Well done Bro !!! 👌

AMAGAJU Gatesi vivine

12 September 2020 18:56

Yes,well said brother, Let's consider the package of comprehensive control and preventive measure to avoid the spread of this virus.

Nadine

12 September 2020 19:04

Woow , keep it up

Shukuru

12 September 2020 19:16

Well done, you contributed a lot to the increase of our knowledge

Aline

12 September 2020 19:17

Great work bro ! Keep it up

DUSABIMANA Amon

12 September 2020 19:51

I really appreciate you Mr. Nzagwaneza Anaclet For the special , great and Important article about Covid _19 to tell . All cornes are touched For sure I studied alot. Your writing structure doesn't bore, it is attractive to the readers. May Almighty God increases your wisdom

URIHO Edissa

12 September 2020 20:31

This nice information increases the knowledge about COVID-19. Thank you very much

Jean de Dieu Nshimiyimana

12 September 2020 20:40

Sencerely typing and speaking, this is a good time to appreciate your hard work and deep thinking about this pandemic after reading your article. Thank you for your support to fight against this covid 19. I wish you to have strength from God. Stay safe you all.

Hakizimana Aloys

12 September 2020 20:44

Nice article my brother

Pacifique

12 September 2020 21:40

Hardwork ever pays! Never give up on your contribution to motherland!

Dieudonne MUNEZERO

12 September 2020 21:44

You did well brother

Mugwiza

12 September 2020 22:43

Keep it up!!!

Kiraaka Fred

12 September 2020 22:51

Am glad you'r paper . Best wishes

UWERA Aliane

12 September 2020 23:02

Well done brother! It's educative!

Elias

12 September 2020 23:04

It's good deep keep it up

Olivier

12 September 2020 23:10

Your work is great keep it up.

Platini nkurunziza

12 September 2020 23:54

Thank you very much Anaclet for your contribution of fighting against this pandemic disease , for sure the world needs the people like you who bring the change and support in community .

UFITAMAHORO Peacemaker

13 September 2020 03:11

Good job for this information. With information and implementation of control measures against the spread of covid 19, is a way of success.

Niyifasha Dieudonne

13 September 2020 06:02

Thx for this Mr

Viviane

13 September 2020 06:43

I appreciate your work👌🤘🏻Keep it up💪

Nsengiyumva Jean De Dieu

13 September 2020 07:20

Good writing, undastable, well organized. Courage never give up

K.Chaste

13 September 2020 08:06

A good writer to be, keep up Mr Anaclet! We have to be unite and take care of those preventive measures to fight against this pandemic. Protect yourself as well as Other by putting this article into Action. Mr Anaclet be blessed for your contribution.

Janvier Habineza

13 September 2020 08:23

Keeps up bro, I wish your hardship lights up the word so that we can stand to fight this pandemic

Eric ndayishimiye

13 September 2020 08:35

Keep moving forward brother you did great things .world need people like you

Ghislain Neze

13 September 2020 08:59

Well done brother. Very interest articl, keep up for educating the world through your knowledge

Patience Sindayigaya

13 September 2020 09:46

Nice article with great info.

Pacific N

13 September 2020 10:06

Great work brother!

Albert

13 September 2020 10:16

It's of great helpful content to our community, keep doing great.

Patrick Niyonsenga

13 September 2020 13:35

Good work indeed!

NTIGANZWA

13 September 2020 13:38

Great job mr anaclet you gave us all it reqwire to cope up with this disease.

Christophe

13 September 2020 13:42

Insightful.

Manzi clement

13 September 2020 14:18

Go job bro

Octave Ntawukuriryayo

13 September 2020 14:22

Good information! You did well

Ndagijimana Sebastien

13 September 2020 17:29

Great work brother

AKIMANA

13 September 2020 18:10

Well done my brother

Gilbert

13 September 2020 18:21

Good Read and interesting insight! Thanks for sharing this article with a lot of food for knowledge!

NDAGIJIMANA JACKSON

13 September 2020 18:53

Well done anaclet your article is making alot of things clear about covid19 which is very crucial

Immaculèe

13 September 2020 20:05

Well done Brother ,keep it up!!

Baziga

13 September 2020 21:19

The world need an excellent people like you! great job brother!

Etienne Tuyishime

13 September 2020 21:39

Keep it up brother This really make sense for sure

Barahirwa Jean claude

14 September 2020 00:09

Great work ,thanks a lot bro

Irahibereye

14 September 2020 00:45

Step forward brother, information is precious pillar to overcome the present troubles of COVID-19.

Mansour

14 September 2020 06:32

Waw great work bro, keep it up

Afazal

14 September 2020 06:58

You are a clear figure of a needed future graduate. Congratulations indeed. Your contribution to the body of scientific knowledge is great.

Parfaite

14 September 2020 08:03

so educative brother,courage

Viateur

14 September 2020 08:13

Thanks for this

Assoumpta

14 September 2020 09:41

Thank you for this information , l really learn alot from you , keep that spirit of making us aware of this virus , let 's fight together

IRAHIBEREYE

14 September 2020 09:49

Step forward brother for this Information which is precious pillar to overcome the present troubles of COVID-19,it's so helpful.

Masengesho Adolphe

14 September 2020 09:52

Well done brother, keep it up

Boumedien

14 September 2020 09:56

Even pictures can teach for the ones who are not interested in reading . But inside the content there is well discriptions , bro keep it up!

IRAMPA

14 September 2020 10:03

Best Author indeed. Let's merge Our effort to fight this pandemic. Undoubtedly we shall win.

Habumuremyi Jonathan

14 September 2020 10:12

Courage kbs

Lucie

14 September 2020 10:22

Keep it up bruh. supra talented talented indeed. As u said, to cope with this pandemic we have to help one another because when we work together we achieve more. Please never underuse this talent. I ask you to write more and more articles about this pandemic so that people become aware of this killing and preventable disease

Nsabimana Alexis

14 September 2020 11:36

You did incredible work. Hope that would make more aware about COVID-19 for the general population.

NTIRENGANYA Xaver

14 September 2020 12:02

just keep fighting,together we can fighting the spread of this pandemic diseases.

Marie Consolee Dusabinema

14 September 2020 13:36

Greatly,I appreciate you . You give us full meaning of Covid-19 in this article. I wish everyone should read it. Keep up your spirit

Iraguha Pacifique

14 September 2020 14:12

Congratulation for you and thanks for your task

Louise Akingeneye

14 September 2020 14:17

Wow ! Well done brother keep it up

Gertulde

14 September 2020 14:32

So amazing article! Keep up to fight covid 19.

Ntuzantenguhe Marceline

14 September 2020 15:43

Congratulations brother, it's important to prevent this disease (covid-19) for being safe or to save others.

Fabrice

15 September 2020 06:30

Well done. Keep it up

Irénée

15 September 2020 06:56

Congratulations brother! You are never work alone & together we can. So, keep it up bro.

Dusangeyezu

15 September 2020 07:35

Great Job brother. Hope that would make more aware about COVID-19 for the general population.

Cedrick

15 September 2020 08:00

You are so cute and amazing bro. Courage kbx

Hasina

15 September 2020 08:14

Well done , keep it up

HAKIZIMANA Jean de Dieu

15 September 2020 08:15

Keep going up boy , great job, i appreciate your hard working

Emmanuel IMANISHIMWE

15 September 2020 08:48

nice article brother , it is well explained , you made research

Emmy Tuyishime

15 September 2020 10:31

Great job. Big contribution for the war of figthing aginst the covid -19 Its good article and motivating every one, i learn a lot from you Brother ,keep it up.

Niyitegeka j claude

15 September 2020 11:32

Congratulation for this impactful great work.

Prince Rwema

15 September 2020 12:20

Good work brother

Igiraneza Amida

15 September 2020 15:27

Well done brother, it is educative

Ishimwe Simon pierre

15 September 2020 18:08

You made it brother, is explainable and well understood

Adrien TUYISHIME

15 September 2020 19:24

Thank you for this contribution of yours for fighting against this pandemic of Covid-19. Together we can eradicate it.

Mazimpaka Evode

15 September 2020 20:58

Thanks Anaclet for your great job.

Jean Baptiste BONHEUR

15 September 2020 21:08

Very educational note

DMC

16 September 2020 05:34

Good work brother,Go forward

Uwizeyimana diogenes

16 September 2020 09:55

Thanks bro to gether we can to fight this colona vilus

Olive

16 September 2020 11:07

Woow ,well done really , you have done a great job kbx.

Angélique

16 September 2020 14:51

Well said bro. Individuals contribution is crucial in combating this pandemic. For really there so much to learn from this article. It's so educative.

Redempta

16 September 2020 15:49

Thank you so Much Nice job

Deborah

16 September 2020 17:01

Great job brother, it is so educative.

Musoni Leonille

16 September 2020 19:53

Good work brother keep it up! Thank you for your preparation of this work.

Esther

16 September 2020 21:43

You did a great job keep it up.

IRANKIZA

16 September 2020 21:51

Good work brother Anaclet. Keep moving forward

Gustave

16 September 2020 23:45

Thank you so much for the contribution to eradicate this pandemic disease.

Můhire7

17 September 2020 01:20

Great article, well done brother! Keep it up

Uwiyubashye Festus

17 September 2020 04:07

Good work big bro, Keep up and never give up. This is helping, it helped me very much and I think that I’m not the only one helped so keep moving

Nishimwe Aline

17 September 2020 04:53

Thanks alot for this information it help us to know more about the disease for better prevention of it. Great job

Liliane T

17 September 2020 08:42

Keep it up 👍

Nyinawabera Adeline

17 September 2020 14:08

Congs you did great job

MUSAFIRI Amos

17 September 2020 18:10

Brother, I really appreciate your good work as you're helping the Rwandans to be healthy and far from covid-19! 🙏🙏🙏🙏 I hope Almighty God is going to watch your steps and keep you for his people's wellbeing! We're with you 💪💪💪✅

Himbaza steven

18 September 2020 04:33

Keep it up anacle for good information

Cleopatre

18 September 2020 07:28

This is so great brother, congs and keep it up

Ishimwe Jean ferdinand

18 September 2020 08:32

Well done

Germain Niyomugaba

18 September 2020 16:46

Very educative and meaningful to us as the readers.keep it up brother,the sky is unlimited

Honore M

18 September 2020 19:23

Verry constructive 💪🏼💪🏼💪🏼

Innocent Ingabire

18 September 2020 19:31

Your article is beautifully written and very informative. I learned a lot. Keep it up brother!

Ishimwe

18 September 2020 19:34

That' is it all about corona virus let us use it to eradicate it

Buhendwa Patient

18 September 2020 20:01

Urategura kbs bro, harimo byinshi dukwiye kumenya kuri iki cyorezo pe, keep it up !

Kuradusenge Evariste

18 September 2020 20:27

Good

Benimana Jacqueline

18 September 2020 20:54

Woooow!!! Keep it up brother!!

Arthur

18 September 2020 21:02

Great work kbsa

Itangishaka

19 September 2020 03:00

Your work is very important to humankind species nowdays, it's very educative in summary is shortcut to reduce even to stop the spread of this global pandemic covid-19.

Kavukire

19 September 2020 03:08

Thanks for letting me know about this Desease i hopefull that if every body follows those strategies , covid is going to end up.so courage for your preparing this information.

Chris mpuhwe

19 September 2020 04:24

Very good

Liliane MUKWIYE

19 September 2020 13:29

Your writing content and style are so attractive dear! Keep it up

Frida

19 September 2020 20:12

Well done brother Anaclet! Let's join our hands to combat this Covid-19

Platini

20 September 2020 13:42

Mr.Anaclet I would like to ask a question, I wonder if asymptomatic patients can transmit Covid-19?

Julienne

21 September 2020 04:14

Well done Anaclet!!!!!

Anaclet NZAGWANEZA

22 September 2020 13:27

@platin and others who may be wondering if asymptomatic patients can spread coronavirus. Being asymptomatic doesn't mean that coronavirus can't shed out from respiratory track. Hence, even asymptomatic patients can spread coronavirus but the available evidences shows that these patients are much less likely to transmit the virus than those who develop symptoms.

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